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[PSUBS-MAILIST] Useful units and metric Conservation Factors
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Useful units and metric Conservation Factors
LENGTH
1 inch (in/") = 25,4 mm
1 ft = 0,305 m
1 yard = 0,914 m
1 mile = 1,609 km
1 sea mile (sm) = 1,8531 km
VOLUME
1 cubic inch (cu in) = 16,387 cc
1 cubic inch (cu in) = 0,016 liter
1 cubic foot = 0,028 m3 or 28 liter
1 Imp pint (pt) = 0,568 liter
1 US pint (pt) = 0,473 liter
1 imperial gallon = 4,546 liter
1 US gallon = 3,785 liter
1 imperial gallon = 1,205 US galls.
WEIGHT
1 ounce = 28,35 gramm
1 pound (lbs) = 0,454 kg
1 hundredweight (cwt) = 50,802 kg
1 metric tonne = 1000 kg
1 ton = 1016 kg
1 ton = 1,016 metric tonnes
SPEED
1 foot per second = 0,305 m/s
1 mile per hour = 0,447 m/s
1 mile per hour = 1,609 km/h
1 knot = 1,151 miles per hour
1 knot = 1,853 km/h
POWER
1 horsepower (hp/HP) = 550 ft lbf/s
1 horsepower (hp/HP) = 1,0139 metric hp
1 horsepower (hp/HP) = 76,04 kgf m/s
1 horsepower (hp/HP) = 745,7 W
1 metric hp (mHP/CV/PS/PK) = 75 kgf m/s
1 metric hp (mHP/CV/PS/PK) = 735,5 W
1 ft lbf/s = 0,1383 kgf m/s
1 ft lbf/s = 1,356 W
1 watt (W) = 0,7376 ft lbf/s
1 watt = 0,102 kgf m/s
1 watt = 1 J/s
1 watt = 1 Nm/s
1 watt = 0,00095 B.Th.U/s
1 kW = 1,341 hp (HP)
1 kW = 1,36 metric (mHP)
FORCE
1 lbf = 4,448 N
1 tonf = 9,964 kN
1 kgf = 9,807 N
1 N = 0,2248 lbf
TORQUE
1 pound-force foot (lbf ft) = 0,1383 kgf m (m-kg)
1 pound-force foot (lbf ft) = 1,356 Nm
1 kgf m (m-kg) = 7,233 lbf ft
1 kgf m (m-kg) = 9,8067 Nm
1 Nm = 0,102 kgf m
1 Nm = 0,7376 lbf ft
PRESSURE
1 bar = 1000 millibar
1 bar = 0,98692 atmosphere
1 millibar = 0,01450377 pound per square inch
DENSITY
Freshwater = 1,0 t/m3
Saltwater = 1,025 t/m3
Steel = 7,86 t/m3
Aluminium = 2,74 t/m3
Acryl = 1,19 t/m3
Some Examples :
A dive deep of : 1200 ft = 1200 x 0,305 m = 366 meter
A tank of 20 cubic foot = 20 x 0,028 m3 = 0,56 m3 or 560 liter
A pressure bottle with 4,5 liter under 225 bar
has a capazity of 4,5 l x 225 bar = 1012,5 liter
with 1012,5 / 28 = 36,16 cubic foot
Simple formulas :
Volume of a cylinder : (given = diameter and length)
diameter x diameter x length x 0,785375 = Volume
example : diameter = 2,5 m , length = 10 m
2,5 x 2,5 x 10 x 0,785375 = 49,08 m3
displacement in freshwater = 49,08 x 1,0 = 49,08 t
displacement in saltwater = 49,08 x 1,025 = 50,307 t
thickness of the cylinder shell given with 1 inch = 25,4 mm
medium diameter = 2500 mm (2,5m) - 25,4 mm = 2474,6 mm
periphery = 2474,6 x pi (3,1415) = 7774,19 mm or 7,77 m
Area of shell = periphery of medium diameter x length
= 7,77 m x 10 m = 77,7 m2
Volume of shell material = 77,7 m2 x thickness
= 77,7 m2 x 0,0254 m = 1,97358 m3 material
in steel = 1,97358 x 7,86 (density of steel) = 15,51 t
in aluminium = 1,974 x 2,74 = 5,41 t
without any guarante, Carsten